The smoking prevalence for each country was similarly retrieved and applied to the adult population to produce a total aggregated UK smoking population size. The adult (18 years and above) population for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland were collected from each country's relevant data authority. 7, 8 This would provide a more valid estimate than simply dividing the national figure by the local population. This UK estimate was then split across geographical areas according to their adult smoking prevalences, based on the assumption that there was likely to be a greater proportion of childhood smokers in areas that have more adult smokers, since parental smoking is one of the strongest predictors of smoking among children. 6 Current smokers included both regular smokers (one or more cigarettes per week) and occasional smokers (less than one cigarette per week). By comparing rates of current smokers at each age with the smoking rates for that cohort surveyed in the year before, the number of new child smokers aged 11–15 could be estimated, giving a figure of 207 000 new smokers between 20 in the UK. Questionnaires were completed by 6519 children in 219 schools during the Autumn term of 2011. ![]() This is an annual survey of secondary school pupils in England in years 7–11 (mostly aged 11–15) carried out for the Health and Social Care Information Centre. The initial analysis was based on data from the ‘Smoking, drinking and drug use among young people in England’ reports. ![]() In England, local authorities now have responsibility for public health and greater awareness of local burden should encourage them to give attention to implementation and enforcement of public health measures. These could be used to help to focus attention and resources on what is essentially a child protection issue. National figures for smoking rates are available, but we propose that it would be useful to make available local estimates of smoking uptake among children. This in turn depends on effective health advocacy. 4, 5 Legislation is needed to counter the efforts of the tobacco industry, but this requires political will by legislators at both national and local levels. There is compelling evidence that young people are susceptible to branding and advertising and are influenced by the depiction of smoking in films. Moreover, people who start to smoke before the age of 15 have a higher risk of lung cancer than those who start later even after the amount smoked is taken into account. Lung development is affected, 1, 2 meaning that subsequent decline in lung function starts from a lower base increasing the risk of COPD in later life. doi:10.Tobacco smoking is a major public health problem, even more so for smokers who start at a young age. Maternal smoking in pregnancy and birth defects: a systematic review based on 173 687 malformed cases and 11.7 million controls. Cigarette smoking and cervical cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review and meta-analysis among Japanese women. Association between cigarette smoking behavior and infertility in women: a case-control study. Sarokhani M, Veisani Y, Mohamadi A et al. Smoking and infertility: a committee opinion. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Knowledge and attitudes of adults towards smoking in pregnancy: results from the HealthStyles© 2008 survey.
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